A Bitcoin block can carry full proof of work and still be invalid.
I've catalogued 143 established cases from 2010 to 2026, including two previously unreported F2Pool timestamp failures this year.
89 blocks in 2012 contained the same P2SH-invalid transaction, mined by pools that hadn’t upgraded.
Archived explorer transaction lists and preserved headers establish its inclusion in all 89. Only four complete block bodies could be rebuilt.
Both recent F2Pool headers survived in merge-mined chains, with no known Bitcoin-side capture.
These chains also yielded ~1,400 stales new to the stale-blocks collection. Monitoring them is essential to a holistic Bitcoin monitoring effort.
127 of the 143 blocks have no complete body, yet their failures remain independently checkable.
10 further reports still need evidence. Old node files, pool logs or archives could help.
Contributions and corrections: 

Invalid Bitcoin blocks: full PoW, consensus invalid
deadmanoz's website
GitHub
GitHub - bitcoin-data/invalid-blocks: Dataset of invalid blocks observed on the Bitcoin network.
Dataset of invalid blocks observed on the Bitcoin network. - bitcoin-data/invalid-blocks



