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Lanjutan 5 (terakhir) :
A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto
"Cypherpunks acknowledge that those who want privacy must create it for themselves and not expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant them privacy out of beneficence."
- Eric Hughes
"Cypherpunks menyadari bahwa mereka yang menginginkan privasi harus menciptakan privasi itu sendiri dan tidak mengharapkan pemerintah, korporasi, atau organisasi besar dan tak berwajah lainnya untuk memberikan privasi kepada mereka atas dasar kebaikan hati."
- Eric Hughes
Untuk menguatkan pesan inti manifesto Eric Hughes:
• Privasi bukan hak yang diberikan, tapi kekuatan yang harus dibangun sendiri.
• Kode adalah mantra modern.
• Cypherpunk adalah “penyihir” yang menolak pengawasan dan membangun dunia di mana individu punya kendali penuh atas identitas & transaksi mereka.
#stacksats #stayhumble #stacksets #stayhealthy

Bitcoin: Tidak ada promosi diri untuk memukau Anda. Ia hanya menunggu Anda untuk memahaminya.

Dampak Manifesto Cypherpunk terhadap Bitcoin sangat besar dan langsung—bisa dibilang Bitcoin adalah manifestasi paling sukses dari visi yang digariskan Eric Hughes di A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto (1993).
Manifesto itu bukan cuma teori; ia jadi blueprint ideologis dan teknis yang memengaruhi Satoshi Nakamoto (atau siapa pun di balik pseudonym itu) untuk menciptakan Bitcoin.
Berikut diskusi poin-poin utama dampaknya, berdasarkan sejarah cypherpunk dan Bitcoin itu sendiri:
1. Ide Dasar:
Privasi Harus Dibangun Sendiri, Bukan Diharapkan dari Institusi.
Manifesto bilang: “We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence.”
Dampak pada Bitcoin:
Satoshi menolak sistem keuangan tradisional yang bergantung pada bank sebagai trusted third party. Bitcoin dirancang sebagai peer-to-peer electronic cash system yang tidak butuh intermediary—langsung implementasi dari “anonymous transaction systems” yang disebut manifesto.
Di whitepaper Bitcoin (2008), Satoshi menulis bagian khusus tentang privasi: transaksi publik tapi identitas bisa disembunyikan dengan menjaga public key tetap anonim. Ini echo langsung dari manifesto soal “reveal oneself only when desired.”
2. “Cypherpunks Write Code” → Bitcoin Adalah Kode yang Hidup
Manifesto menekankan: “Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy… We publish our code so that our fellow Cypherpunks may practice and play with it.”
Dampak:
Bitcoin open-source 100%, kode dirilis gratis, dan siapa pun bisa fork, improve, atau jalankan node sendiri. Ini bikin Bitcoin tahan sensor—tidak bisa dimatikan seperti proyek cypherpunk sebelumnya (misalnya DigiCash David Chaum yang gagal karena regulasi).
Satoshi posting whitepaper di cryptography mailing list (warisan cypherpunk), dan Bitcoin lahir dari iterasi ide cypherpunk sebelumnya seperti Hashcash (Adam Back), b-money (Wei Dai), dan Bit Gold (Nick Szabo).
3. Electronic Money & Decentralization sebagai Senjata Privasi
Manifesto sebut: “We are defending our privacy with cryptography, with anonymous mail forwarding systems, with digital signatures, and with electronic money.”
Dampak:
Bitcoin adalah electronic money pertama yang benar-benar berhasil—menggabungkan digital signatures (untuk ownership), proof-of-work (untuk consensus tanpa pusat), dan blockchain (untuk ledger transparan tapi pseudonim). Ini memenuhi mimpi cypherpunk tentang uang digital yang tahan sensor, tahan inflasi (cap 21 juta), dan bisa dipakai tanpa izin pemerintah/korporasi.
4. Dampak Lebih Luas pada Ekosistem Bitcoin
Adopsi Awal: Bitcoin awalnya dipakai di komunitas cypherpunk (misalnya WikiLeaks terima donasi Bitcoin setelah bank blokir). Ini memperkuat gerakan cypherpunk secara keseluruhan.
Evolusi: Lightning Network & tools privacy lain (CoinJoin, Wasabi, Samourai) terus membangun di atas visi manifesto untuk privasi lebih baik, karena Bitcoin on-chain pseudonim tapi bukan fully anonymous.
Paradoks Modern:
Beberapa bilang Bitcoin sekarang “terlalu mainstream” (ETF, institusi masuk), tapi inti tetap cypherpunk: siapa pun bisa jalankan node, hold private keys, dan transaksi tanpa izin. Ini bukti manifesto benar—privasi diciptakan lewat teknologi, bukan politik.
Singkatnya, tanpa manifesto cypherpunk (dan gerakan yang diinspirasinya), Bitcoin mungkin tidak pernah ada dalam bentuk ini. Ia adalah “pemenuhan mimpi 30 tahun” cypherpunk: dari teks 1993 ke aset digital triliunan dolar yang berjalan decentralized di seluruh dunia.
Bagian mana dari dampak ini yang paling menarik buat kamu? Apakah soal privasi on-chain vs off-chain, atau bagaimana Bitcoin masih setia (atau mulai menyimpang) dari ethos cypherpunk?
Berikut adalah teks lengkap
A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto karya Eric Hughes, yang ditulis pada 9 Maret 1993.
Ini adalah dokumen asli dan foundational dari gerakan cypherpunk— (versi asli yang banyak direferensikan).
A Cypherpunk’s Manifesto
by Eric Hughes
Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn’t want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn’t want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world.
If two parties have some sort of dealings, then each has a memory of their interaction. Each party can speak about their own memory of this; how could anyone prevent it? One could pass laws against it, but the freedom of speech, even more than privacy, is fundamental to an open society; we seek not to restrict any speech at all. If many parties speak together in the same forum, each can speak to all the others and aggregate together knowledge about individuals and other parties. The power of electronic communications has enabled such group speech, and it will not go away merely because we might want it to.
Since we desire privacy, we must ensure that each party to a transaction have knowledge only of that which is directly necessary for that transaction. Since any information can be spoken of, we must ensure that we reveal as little as possible. In most cases personal identity is not salient. When I purchase a magazine at a store and hand cash to the clerk, there is no need to know who I am. When I ask my electronic mail provider to send and receive messages, my provider need not know to whom I am speaking or what I am saying or what others are saying to me; my provider only need know how to get the message there and how much I owe them in fees. When my identity is revealed by the underlying mechanism of the transaction, I have no privacy. I cannot here selectively reveal myself; I must always reveal myself.
Therefore, privacy in an open society requires anonymous transaction systems. Until now, cash has been the primary such system. An anonymous transaction system is not a secret transaction system. An anonymous system empowers individuals to reveal their identity when desired and only when desired; this is the essence of privacy.
Privacy in an open society also requires cryptography. If I say something, I want it heard only by those for whom I intend it. If the content of my speech is available to the world, I have no privacy. To encrypt is to indicate the desire for privacy, and to encrypt with weak cryptography is to indicate not too much desire for privacy. Furthermore, to reveal one’s identity with assurance when the default is anonymity requires the cryptographic signature.
We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence. It is to their advantage to speak of us, and we should expect that they will speak. To try to prevent their speech is to fight against the realities of information. Information does not just want to be free, it longs to be free. Information expands to fill the available storage space. Information is Rumor’s younger, stronger cousin; Information is fleeter of foot, has more eyes, knows more, and understands less than Rumor.
We must defend our own privacy if we expect to have any. We must come together and create systems which allow anonymous transactions to take place. People have been defending their own privacy for centuries with whispers, darkness, envelopes, closed doors, secret handshakes, and couriers. The technologies of the past did not allow for strong privacy, but electronic technologies do.
We the Cypherpunks are dedicated to building anonymous systems. We are defending our privacy with cryptography, with anonymous mail forwarding systems, with digital signatures, and with electronic money.
Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can’t get privacy unless we all do, we’re going to write it. We publish our code so that our fellow Cypherpunks may practice and play with it. Our code is free for all to use, worldwide. We don’t much care if you don’t approve of the software we write. We know that software can’t be destroyed and that a widely dispersed system can’t be shut down.
Cypherpunks deplore regulations on cryptography, for encryption is fundamentally a private act. The act of encryption, in fact, removes information from the public realm. Even laws against cryptography reach only so far as a nation’s border and the arm of its violence. Cryptography will ineluctably spread over the whole globe, and with it the anonymous transactions systems that it makes possible.
For privacy to be widespread it must be part of a social contract. People must come together and deploy these systems for the common good. Privacy only extends so far as the cooperation of one’s fellows in society. We the Cypherpunks seek your questions and your concerns and hope we may engage you so that we do not deceive ourselves. We will not, however, be moved out of our course because some may disagree with our goals.
The Cypherpunks are actively engaged in making the networks safer for privacy. Let us proceed together apace.
Onward.
Eric Hughes hughes@soda.berkeley.edu
9 March 1993
Ini teks asli lengkapnya—singkat tapi sangat powerful. Banyak bagiannya masih relevan banget sampai sekarang, terutama soal “We the Cypherpunks are dedicated to building anonymous systems” dan “Cypherpunks write code.”
