Good morning Bitcoiners! How are you doing? I would like to share with you some reflections on the program I just watched on "Canale Italia", with guests Gigi Turla and Federico Rivi. During the hour-long program, a brief summary of the Brescia 2025 Bitcare Forum was given, and then some reflections from the audience were broadcast live (live call-in from home). What emerged strongly from the telephone interventions was the vast amount of misinformation that still surrounds bitcoin. We listened to calls ranging from those who call it a scam, to those who have lost money due to uninformed decisions, to those who do not understand its economic-financial nature, considering it volatile and without intrinsic value, to those who said that their bank has blatantly forbidden them to invest in Bitcoin. This situation reflects a well-known phenomenon: in an era of free and widespread access to information, false beliefs and confusion paradoxically proliferate, ergo: disinformation. It is crucial, as the guests have pointed out, to rely on competent sources and people to really understand this field. I invite everyone to reflect on the importance of proper education and dissemination of accurate information to help create a more aware and prepared community, this applies to any discourse.

💰 For their work, miners receive two types of rewards: 1. Block reward → new bitcoins created for each block solved 2. Transaction fees → small amounts paid by users to include their transactions in the block 📉 The block reward is halved every 200,000 blocks (roughly every 4 years) in an event known as halving. This reduces future supply, making Bitcoin a predictably scarce and structurally anti-inflationary asset. ⏱️ Bitcoin also has a difficulty adjustment mechanism: every 2,016 blocks (about every two weeks), the difficulty of mining is recalibrated to ensure that a new block is discovered about every 10 minutes. This keeps the output rate constant and predictable. ❗️Attention: Miners are not financial intermediaries. Anyone can participate in mining without authorization from central banks or central institutions. In contrast, traditional intermediaries require regulatory approval to operate. ⚖️ The Bitcoin protocol is an open, distributed and autonomous system where all participants (miners, nodes, users) have an equal say. No central authority. Just shared incentives and distributed consensus. ❓️Who are nodes, what are they for? 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #protocoll #halving #mining #rewards #fees #difficulty #adjustement #scarcity #permissionless

🔐 ₿itcoin is an immutable, transparent, secure and distributed network thanks to the concatenated structure of the blocks that make up its timechain. Each block contains the cryptographic hash of the previous block, making it virtually impossible to alter the data retroactively without compromising the entire blockchain. This mechanism ensures the integrity and resilience of the network. 🔗 The hash is a unique identifier generated using the SHA-256 algorithm, a fixed-length alphanumeric string that securely synthesizes all the data contained in the block. It is the heart of the blockchain's immutability. ⚙️ Within this system are the miners, who use specialized hardware, specifically ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), to perform the hashing algorithms. These purpose-built devices are much more efficient than CPUs and GPUs, as Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper points out. ⛏️ Their job? To validate transactions, protect the network and add new blocks to the timechain. In doing so, miners prevent double spending, an inherent risk in digital systems. Without proof of work (PoW), a central authority would be needed to ensure the validity of transactions. ❓️How do miners make money? Why are they doing it? What are halving and difficulty adjustment? 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #mining #timechain #blockchain #technology #proofofwork #sha256 #asic #miner

📚 Today I had the honor to speak about ₿itcoin (again) at my high school. 2 hours of education for the kids and a wonderful experience for me. Topics such as inflation, fiat currencies, pollution, consumption, supply and demand, cost, price, value and much more were touched upon. It was a very productive and educational day. It is always nice to come back to class and share in a simple way something that has been with you for years and is a passion of yours, great! 🌍 The conclusion you come to is always the same and it's nice when the kids get it, a sign that they got the message: Bitcoin is social. #bitcoin #pollution #consumption #sustainability #efficiency #enviroinmental #economics #social #finance #inflation #school #fiat #currency #supply #demand #price #cost #value

(2/2) Let us continue. 💼 However, these expectations were quickly dashed by the President's emphasis on reducing the trade deficit through protectionist measures, in particular the announcement of "reciprocal" tariffs. This created considerable uncertainty, culminating in a 10% drop in the S&P 500 in just two sessions in April, which led the index to temporarily enter a bear market. Although the administration subsequently issued a 90-day moratorium to review the trade agreements, the market turmoil has not fully dissipated. 🗳️ On the political front, public opinion polls confirm a period of institutional weakness. The president's approval rating stands at 41%, the lowest for the first 100 days of a newly elected president since at least World War II. Only 22% of respondents say they strongly approve of the president's performance, while 45% strongly disapprove, signaling a significant polarization of the electorate. 📜 Another notable element is the extensive use of executive orders: 137 in the first 100 days. This massive recourse to the executive instrument seems unprecedented in contemporary history, clearly surpassing the figures of Joe Biden (45 orders) and Bill Clinton (14). To find a comparable precedent, one must go back to 1933, when Franklin D. Roosevelt signed 99 in the context of the economic emergency following the Great Depression. ⚖️ In summary, the first 100 days of Trump's second term appear to have been marked by high market volatility, political uncertainty and shaky investor confidence. While it is too early to make definitive judgments about the entire term, the economic and political indicators analyzed suggest an overall negative initial impact, both in terms of finance and governance. 📶 Stay tuned. #Trump #economy #market #analysis #USPolitics2025 #SP500b #presidential #impact

(1/2) Let's talk about the first 100 days of the Trump presidency. 📉 An analysis of the first 100 days of President Donald J. Trump's second term in office reveals a significantly negative picture for the U.S. stock market. Between January 20 and April 25, the S&P 500 Index fell 7.9%, making this period the second-worst in modern presidential history in terms of stock market performance. Only in 1973, during Richard Nixon's term, was the loss greater (-9.9%). This historical context is particularly relevant because it is associated with anti-inflationary policies that anticipated the 1973-1975 recession. 🇺🇸 From a historical perspective, average data from 1944 to 2020 show that the S&P 500 tends to rise by 2.1% during the first 100 days of a new presidency. The largest negative outliers, aside from the Trump case, are George W. Bush in 2001 (-6.9%), Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1953 (-5.8%) and Harry S. Truman in 1949 (-4.9%). At the other end of the spectrum are John F. Kennedy (+8.9% in 1961), Joe Biden (+8.5% in 2021) and Barack Obama (+8.4% in 2009), periods in which expectations of an economic recovery were broadly welcomed by the markets. ❌️ The negative performance of the markets under the second Trump presidency is even more significant when compared to the period between his re-election and Inauguration Day, during which the S&P 500 Index rose 3.7%. This period was interpreted by investors as confirmation of the so-called Trump trade, i.e. the expectation that an administration favorable to deregulation, tax cuts and support for the technology sector could provide a boost to the economy and financial markets. 📶 Stay tuned. #Trump #economy #market #analysis #USPolitics2025 #SP500b #presidential #impact

Bitcoin is: immutable transparent secure distributed

🔍 Before analyzing issues related to bitcoin's pollution, energy consumption, and related environmental and socio-economic impacts, it is necessary to understand how mining works, the figure of the miner, and the architecture of the Bitcoin ecosystem. ⛓️ Mining is the process by which new blocks of transactions are validated and added to the time chain, the public and distributed ledger that forms the basis of the Bitcoin monetary system. ⚙️ This process also enables the creation of new Bitcoins and provides an economic incentive for miners, those who invest their computing resources to contribute to the security and stability of the network. 🧠 The timechain (mistakenly called the blockchain) is a chain of blocks containing verified transactions. To add a new block, miners compete by solving a complex cryptographic problem according to a protocol called Proof of Work (PoW). 🔐 PoW ensures the security of the network by making it extremely costly to change data: changing a block would require redoing all the computation for the previous blocks. ♻️ The problem to be solved, generated by the system, requires huge computational resources, and it is precisely this high energy consumption that fuels the debate about the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #mining #education #sustainability #proofofwork #energy #digital #enviroinmental

🛡️ As a digital asset recorded on a distributed time chain, bitcoin is not subject to physical degradation. As long as the network exists, it remains immutable and verifiable over time. ✈️ Portability It is extremely high. Bitcoin can be transferred anywhere in the world within minutes over the Internet, without the need for physical transport or currency conversion. All you need is a wallet and a connection. 🔍 Divisibility Each bitcoin can be divided up to eight decimal places. The minimum on-chain unit is the satoshi, equal to one hundred millionth of a BTC, and on the Lightning network, the satoshi can be divided into thousandths, enabling micropayments and fractionalizing value with extreme precision, making bitcoin virtually accessible to everyone. ⚙️ Uniformity All Bitcoin units are perfectly identical in value and characteristics, thanks to the structure of the time chain (blocks, nodes, miners, etc.) and the use of cryptographic protocols that prevent counterfeiting or arbitrary coin creation. ♻️ Fungibility In theory, each bitcoin (or satoshi) is interchangeable with any other. However, some units may be "tainted" if associated with illicit transactions and rejected by certain services or exchanges. ✅️ Recognition The authenticity of each bitcoin transaction is guaranteed and verified by network nodes using cryptographic algorithms. However, the technical understanding of how it works can be a barrier for the average user. ⏳️ Controlled Supply (Scarcity) The total supply of Bitcoins is limited to 21 million units according to a predetermined and immutable algorithm. Issuance takes place through a process known as "halving" every 4 years or so, which halves the amount of new bitcoins injected, ensuring disinflationary and predictable growth. 🌍 All of this and more makes bitcoin a social good. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #essentials #digitalgold #money #blockchain #technology #finance #education

📌 We have seen how a currency must fulfill 3 basic functions to be considered such, and how Bitcoin may be the only cryptoasset that fulfills these premises. 🎖 Store of value. Bitcoin is designed to store value in the digital space, with a limited supply of 21 million units, making it less inflationary than gold (stock to flow) and often referred to as "digital gold". 🤝🏻 Medium of exchange. Bitcoin is accepted as payment in a growing number of establishments and platforms, enabling peer-to-peer transactions without centralized intermediaries. 🧾 Unit of account. Currently, not all prices of goods and services in the world are expressed in BTC: price fluctuations prevent "stable" bitcoin listings. According to The Economist, Bitcoin "works best as a medium of exchange" and has not (yet) established itself as a standard unit of account. 📚 It must also meet operational requirements such as: durability, portability, divisibility, uniformity, fungibility, recognizability, controlled supply (scarcity). We will analyze these shortly. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #btc #value #store #scarcity #peertopeer #stocktoflow

🥇 Bitcoin, the world's leading cryptoasset, has attracted considerable interest both for its economic and financial implications and for its environmental impact. 📈 The exponential increase in the market value of bitcoin has stimulated the expansion of mining activities, leading to a significant increase in energy consumption and associated CO₂ emissions. ♻️ However, recent studies (analyzed below) suggest that the environmental impact of bitcoin may be less than previously thought, and that the asset may have relevant and resilient social benefits. 🏛 Furthermore, it should be noted that the ECB proposed in 2019 to change the name of this type of technology from "cryptocurrencies" to "cryptoassets", which is preferred for various reasons. 📌 The main reason lies in the fact that of the 'currencies', the technologies mentioned do not have the fundamentals, except for bitcoin, which are: 1. Store of value 2. Medium of exchange 3. Unit of account (not completely, but definitely in the future) ❓️ If you are interested in learning more or have questions, leave a comment. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #value #crypto #asset #finance #economy #ecb #exchange

📖 The first chapter of my thesis is divided into 4 sections: 🥇 ₿itcoin: a section devoted to an analysis of studies on the pollution and energy consumption of ₿itcoin mining and what it entails. 💡 Nuclear energy: section dedicated to a study of the literature on nuclear energy as the cleanest, cheapest and safest energy source in existence, capable of initiating the much-discussed process of decarbonization. 🚀 Bitcoin and nuclear energy: third part dedicated to the integration of the two main themes of the study: nuclear energy used as a power source for ₿itcoin mining to obtain value (digital scarcity) and energy with a very low environmental impact, sustainable, efficient and resilient. 🌍 Case studies around the world: practical section in which practical case studies inherent to concrete projects are analyzed to support the theses presented in the following paper, understanding through real examples from around the world the benefits brought by ₿itcoin and nuclear energy. 📑 All data analyzed in this chapter are taken from certified scientific sources. We will start the first part tomorrow. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #energy #nuclear #start #study #scientific #world

📖 Chapter 2 🗒 After illustrating and motivating the selected variables that will accompany the reader to the final steps of the thesis, the first analyses and conclusions of the case are made, highlighting some problems encountered along the way, which were then resolved thanks to the analysis carried out in the following chapter. 📖 Chapter 3 📚 In this chapter, we proceed with the econometric analysis itself, using different models to identify the causes of the emission of polluting gases and to outline possible solutions to counteract or at least mitigate the rampant pollution. ⛈️ The latter is responsible for numerous negative effects, the most important of which is climate change: if not adequately contained, it risks having catastrophic and incalculable consequences for the entire global ecosystem. 📶 Stay tuned. #thesis #analysis #study #pollution #consum #econometric

📖 Chapter 1 📄 An analysis of the existing literature on the subject of Bitcoin and nuclear energy is proposed, enriched with data from scientific papers, graphs and tables, the results of which are commented. 📌 This introductory chapter aims to shed light on the subject, highlighting its risks and benefits, advantages and disadvantages, and laying the foundation for the analysis conducted in the following two chapters. 💼 It also provides methodological support for the choice of variables to be used in the subsequent analysis, a cultural background that will accompany the reader throughout the paper. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #bibliography #literature #paper #scientific #nuclear #energy #data

⚡️ The central hypothesis of my thesis is that Bitcoin and nuclear energy can not only coexist, but also mutually reinforce each other in terms of environmental sustainability and energy efficiency. 🧩 The rationale behind this synergy is simple but powerful: Bitcoin mining can be used to optimize the use of energy resources, to exploit otherwise unused energy surpluses, or to help stabilize power grids in areas with intermittent production. 🔍 Through an objective analysis, this paper will attempt to show how these two seemingly disparate technologies can work together to build a more equitable and sustainable energy future. 📕 The thesis is structured in 3 chapters full of analyzed and commented data, validated by solid and authoritative sources. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #nuclear #energy #sinergy #thesis #analysis

🏛 Growing awareness of climate change has prompted governments, businesses and citizens to rethink the way we produce and consume energy. ♻️ In this scenario, concepts such as energy efficiency and environmental sustainability are no longer options, but imperative necessities. 🥇 Bitcoin is often criticized for its high energy consumption. However, mining is beginning to demonstrate its potential to evolve towards more sustainable models, thanks to the adoption of renewable energy and the use of untapped energy resources. 💡 On the other hand, nuclear energy, traditionally associated with images of risk and complexity, is now being presented as one of the most effective and safe solutions to decarbonize the energy sector, perfectly integrated with renewables to ensure a sustainable transition. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #energy #nuclear #sustainability #enviroinmental #renewables #efficiency #mining

💡 Despite the continuing challenges nuclear energy faces, it is recognized by many institutions, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), as an essential component of the future energy mix. ☀️ Unlike renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, whose production depends on atmospheric factors, nuclear energy offers a constant and predictable capacity with almost zero CO₂ emissions during operation. ⚙️ In this context, new technologies represent a promising evolution, offering greater flexibility, safety, and economic and environmental sustainability than conventional reactors. 📶 Stay tuned. #technology #energy #nuclear #ipcc #renewables #co2 #emissions

🪪 Satoshi Nakamoto gives his date of birth as April 5, 1975. April 5th we understood why, but 1975? 🇺🇸 United States 1933, Executive Order 6102 prohibits citizens from owning gold. United States 1975, end of the ban on gold ownership. 🌍 World 2008, Satoshi publishes the Bitcoin whitepaper and chooses its birth date not at random, but to spread a precise message: Bitcoin is the new gold, absolute digital scarcity. ❓️Why gold? What is the Gold Standard? Why and when was it created? How does Bitcoin fit in? 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #whitepaper #satoshi #nakamoto #usa #america #gold #world

📕 I take part of the title of my thesis: Bitcoin and energy... but which energy? 🔥 The energy most often referred to is nuclear energy, which has been the subject of heated debate and controversy for decades, but its role in the global energy transition is now more relevant than ever. 📄 With the ratification of the Paris Agreement and the goals of the European Green Deal, nuclear power is recognized as one of the key energy sources for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and ensuring a stable and reliable electricity system. ☢️ However, issues related to safety, plant construction costs and waste management continue to raise questions about its true sustainability. ❓️But, is it really? 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #energy #nuclear #thesis #green #europe #paris #accord #deal #agreement

🌍 Since the Genesis Block, Bitcoin has taken a central position in the debate on innovation, decentralization and financial freedom, challenging traditional monetary systems and becoming not only an economic tool, but also a cultural and technological phenomenon, introducing a new model for the use of computational resources: mining. ♻️ My studies are not limited to analyzing its economic-financial impact, but we will focus on two often neglected dimensions: environmental sustainability and its social potential. 📶 Stay tuned. #bitcoin #thesis #mining #global #enviroinmental #sustainability #freedom #decentralization