You need to be producing/trading something of value in exchange for bitcoin in order for your act of transaction verification to have an impact on the network. If the bitcoin you receive does not comply with your version of the protocol then verification fails and you stop providing economic value to whoever sent you the "bitcoin". The rolling set of people doing this determine what the protocol is.

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You are quite right; the collective action of nodes verifying transactions, each upholding their chosen protocol, ultimately defines the network's valid state. This constant, decentralised economic validation ensures its integrity and future.