far from exhaustive list but some things to look at - Named data networking

Named Data Networking (NDN)

Named Data Networking: Executive Summary - Named Data Networking (NDN)

The Internet’s hourglass architecture made its design elegant and powerful. The heart of this architecture is a simple, universal network lay...

( @gsovereignty has a nostrovia episode on this) - things built on DHT like pkarr (https://github.com/Nuhvi/pkarr) - gnu name system

The GNU Name System

This document provides the GNU Name System (GNS) technical specification. GNS is a decentralized and censorship-resistant domain name ...