"THE BENEFITS OF COUSIN MARRIAGE." "One of the topics that does frequently come up amongst muslims is cousin marriage. Whilst muslims do affirm the validity of a cousin marriage, not all necessarily encourage it out of fear of offspring having 'defects'. What I claim is that there is a lot of worldly benefits with cousin marriage and the fear of these supposed 'defects' is exaggerated...massively." "The benefits of cousin marriage is quite numerous whilst I want to focus on the large-kin networks which is associated with the number of both economic advantages and social advantages. To understand the benefits of large-kin networks, think about a hypothetical situation of a man who has passed his exams, he has done his job experience and his CV has little to no gaps. He tried to do the job interview...and he failed. He did it again. And he failed. He did it again...and he failed. Several times he has failed. You might think it's an 'extreme hypothetical situation' but this 'extreme hypothetical situation' is very much common amongst many job-seekers who struggle to find work as they realise that some skills that they claim to have is something that more than a thousand people have. Also, ask yourself this question, how does this individual with a degree is able to find a job despite his his vast skillset and experience? Large kin-networks. Such large-kin networks are more effective than a linkedin network as large kin networks are more willing to help the individual as they have higher degree of loyalty to the person, sympathy to the person and willingness to the person as that person happens to have familial ties with. In other words, in areas that where your individual capacity is unable to reach, large kin networks are able to aid the individual with a large support network where that person is able to reach areas of institutions that the ordinary person is not able to obtain who happens to not have the 'connections'. In other words, you're able to practice nepotism more effectively with large kin networks than linkedin networks. There are numerous worldly benefits of large-kin networks as not only do these large-kin networks help in terms of not only finding jobs, they also help a man or woman get married or help several businesses financially (majority of business in several countries are family businesses) and also there is larger forms of cooperations." "Some might ask for cases of large kin networks who were highly influential. In Europe, there were several members of european monarchies who were involved in a cousin marriage. One of the famous cases was Elizabeth who married her first cousin. The rothschilds family who are a jewish family involved in the financial systems of the british state (Blackrock), the members of that family have been involved in cousin marriage." "Now some ask about the 'genetic defects'. Alan H. Bittles who has studied the health effects associated with cousin marriage for at least 35 years and who has wrote the book, 'Consanguinity in Context', he has said, 'For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population,' Whilst he does acknowledge studies of offspring of two cousins with risks of illnesses statistically is 3-4% higher than the rest of the population but these risks are usually occur to couples who are carriers of disorders which are...very rare. In pakistan, 40% of marriages are cousin marriages and you don't see high number of people with 'genetic defects'. Now some might still avoid it still out of fear of 'defects' but as you know, many members of the masses aren't very consistent especially when increases in maternal age is associated with down-syndrome pregnancies yet we don't see these non-muslims encourage getting married early. You see the opposite when they encourage people to get married later. When they've been confronted with the fact that increases in maternal age is associated with down-syndrome pregnancies and questioned about their support of the abolition of age of consent, they throw away their supposed 'eugenic' arguments and they utter inconsistent nonsense and they avoid the topic. Now ask yourself, if you were really concerned about birth defects, why aren't you getting married early? If you're above 18, why haven't you got married at the age of 18 if you were really afraid of these supposed 'defects'?" "There have been several claims uttered by christians, hindus and jews towards cousin marriage. What the christian doesn't understand is that the old testament and the new testament do not reject cousin marriage. Whilst the new testament does not comment on cousin marriage, the old testament endorses cousin marriage and it claims that god commanded cousin marriage, according to Numbers 36:6-11. Whilst the jews claim to believe in the torah, they do believe in the talmud which is an oral interpretation of the old testament. The jews believe that the talmud is more important than the torah. According to Yevamot 62b, the talmud endorses cousin marriage and according to maimondes, he claims its a mitzvah to marry your niece. Hinduism endorses cousin marriage according to the 'Mahabharata'. The hindu scholars believe that the text is a smiriti text."

Were there companies which had multiple stakeholders during pre-modernity?

I was on twitter recently and I came across a tweet which reminded me of the book "FlatLine Constructs". That tweet said: "Another example of this is...Elon Musk. He's a very unique case as he's the victim of his own algorithms, He legit believed he could take down trump or that he could start his own political party w his talking points lol."

"POST-HALLAQISM: THE NETWORK STATE" "Ever since the supposed 'french revolution' took place where not only a new western spectrum was introduced by the french, the concept of the nation-state was introduced which was the rejection of the monarchy and christian institutions which were associated with clergy." "Nation-states are not very old idea but very recent ideas introduced by western modernists. Yet today people act as if nation-states have been around for a millennia and they are not able to conceive a world without nation-states...unless you mention technology." "Technology especially in the modern era has been major disruptor of societies as many things have happened in merely 20 years. Twitter used to be similar to facebook, then it became an online platform which activists used as part of their political activities and now it's been taken by elon musk who is close to the current american administration." "Twitter hasn't been around for more than 30 years yet people act as if it's been here for a 1000 years as lots of people view the past 1 year as equivalent to a 1000 years ago. Has technology already pushed forward a new concept of governance?" "An individual with the name, 'Balaji' has suggested his idea of a new form of governance. The network state. The network state is a state which is led by a founder of an online community which crowdfunds territory. This network state has the following features: Integrated cryptocurrency, social smart contract, virtual capital and a digital census." "It's important to understand that 'Balaji' emphasises on cryptocurrency as being one of the main features of a network state but more specifically the usage of blockchain technology as part of 'digital spine' of this network state where he conceives this form of decentralised technology being used to deal with digital assets, smart contracts and other digital documents that are equivalent to the documents you see being requested by the nation-state." "There is iktilaf on the ruling on the permissibility of cryptocurrency. Some say its halal, some say otherwise and you the bitcoiner have already decided where you stand on this topic." "The individual named 'Balaji' emphasizes on cryptocurrency as a new method of recording history whereby this cryptocurrency or more specifically in this case blockchain is a digital ledger such that it records the transactions which is hard to reverse through the usage of the hash function." "An obvious problem does arise though through the usage of advanced modern technology as a method to record historical data, is that technology has rapidly changed, very fast where now people are more skeptical towards photography after the introduction of a.i. and there are questions regarding how effective today's cryptogrpahy is especially with quantum computing. What if computers have more computing power and if it does what if hackers use it for brute-force attacks? To put it simply, there is still much we don't know about how rapid technology is which has rendered other forms of technologies as obsolete meanwhile books are still in use and has been preserved for a longer period than websites. In other words, both practically speaking and epistemically speaking, the claim that blockchain is an effective record of historical events is questionable given the rise of rapid technologies which has historically speaking, rendered many forms of technologies and even some of the latest technologies as obsolete." "The individual named "Balaji" goes into more detail on the usage of smart contracts which are digital agreements similar to the contracts you sign on paper which relates to the government. But what differentiates this digital agreement from some other digital agreements is that it doesn't involve a third-party intermediary." "Smart contract is used for various things including digital census which "Balaji" emphasises on but he see these smart contracts being used similarly to how passports are used. At the moment, ethrenium is known for smart contracts whilst bitcoin isn't. So a question does arise is that are there multiple cryptocurrencies in this network state or is there one cryptocurrency in this network state?" "The topic of a virtual capital is interesting as it changes our understanding of the cyberspace as usually when we refer to a capital city, we are referring to something to a big city on land whilst "balaji" has other ideas where he suggests that the capital of this network state should be in the cyberspace. He suggests a web3 login for citizens and usage of vr technology in exploration of this virtual capital whilst he suggests that digital borders of this network state is 'invisible' which he compares with the borders of the nation-state which is 'visible'. Could the definition of dar-ul-islam incorporate cyberspace? The question does this digital space have some sort of firewall? What prevents hackers from penetrating this digital space? Is it something similar to session?" "On the topic of policing, the individual named 'balaji' who does emphasizes on digital enforcement similar to how accounts are frozen by the government, he does believe that the network state is not likely to deal with physical individuals who act contrary to the network state within the crowd funded territories in the starting phase. He does believe that the network state is probably going to cooperate with the police of the nation-state in dealing with these people. This is quite problematic as it raises the fear of people cooperating with non-muslims against muslims and he implies that it is probable that the network state is unable to carry out hadd punishment in the starting phase of the network state." "Is the islamist planning on starting some sort of company that has similar mechanisms to the network state? Who knows?"

"An individual with the name 'Ron Eglash' who wrote an essay titled, 'African Influences in Cybernetics', it says the following: 'The use of African material culture as a form of analog representation is particularly vivid in cases of recursive information flow. In African architecture, recursive scaling – that is fractal geometry – can be seen in a variety of forms."

"RETHINKING UNIVERSITIES" "As the economy became more modernised with an increase in mass literacy, more and more people especially now are participating in universities and graduating which is something that labour economists take into consideration. One famous labour economic model proposed by Michael Spence was about education being a form of market signalling to employers about the productivity of an individual but since the employer now has more information about the productivity of graduates as job market is over-saturated with graduates, their beliefs have changed and the expectations of graduates have changed." "Now employers are less likely to invest in graduates as they realise the gap to the perceived levels of productivity and the actual levels of productivity is very different but it doesn't mean that university is entirely useless but now it is seen as a minimum requirement to be perceived to be at a certain level of productivity meanwhile those who are unable to afford to do it are still under the perception of the employer to have the same level of productivity as someone with less qualifications as both he and the other individual. Now as apprentices and tradesman are now seen as more productive with their work expierence, will employers change their belief if there is an over saturation of people who have work experience? Whilst this subject to another discussion, it is important to highlight this as it demonstrates the undeniable correlation between education levels and the labour markets and from the perspective of Michael Spence, education levels can be perceived by others as a form of market signalling." "Whilst some are idealistic about of the idea that universities is a gathering of intellectuals, universities still are perceived as buildings of 'high status' as graduates are unable to find a job. But it didn't seem that these graduates ever knew that universities are really research centers when they explored the university as if it was another state school or high school. Contrary to the views of others, many youngsters are ruthlessly pragmatic as they see the university as a means to an end in obtaining a job with high salary. Thus we have explored the correlation between status and education levels." "The masses do seem to complain about PhD candidates not showing practical research that has some utility in it and in their attempt in showing this, they focus on researchers in humanities subjects. It does seem this crowd of people are quite inconsistent towards the subjects of stem when there are numerous topics within those subjects that do not have practical utility and it is notable that this rage is not directed at mathematicians who are known for engaging in a lot of abstract calculations. It could be argued that some of the research conducted is practically useless but if we look at what may interest us for example a fasnciating observation of how animal express their emotions. Now if we look at the job market, what kind of employer cares about this? An accountant? A lawyer? A mechanic? But what about researchers. If you explore or list down some of the interesting things you've thought about or looked at, ask yourself, does knowing these things help you find a job? One does need to understand there is a huge sunk costs to research but if someone is serious about building research centers, sunk costs is something to endure. Whilst it is the case you might get some 'useless' research but practically speaking, this is part of the buraeucracy of the research process. It something that is likely to happen." "The question arises is, what do you do? A suggestion is to introduce big changes. What is meant by big, in this case is that it so big that the employers feels that they're entering the unknown but not to the extent that they don't understand the system but to the extent of which they struggle to guess the exact productivity of a worker. What these big changes mean is that it avoids resembling the current university system otherwise the employers are probably going to think that these changes are mainly to do with adminstration stuff or some different curtains. So these changes involve some big structural changes. The aim of this is to bring back the effectiveness of the market signalling aspect of university education." "In terms of the 'status' aspect involved in universities, the islamist need to take into consideration of what they want the 'elite' to look like? Does the islamist want the elite to be handsome pious polymaths who are fluent classical arabic? Does the islamist want some physical appearance tests? Does the islamist want tests about classical Arabic? Does the islamist want examinations which tests someone's knowledge of Islam? Does the islamist want to use these exams as a prerequisite for entry into this system? What about the research process? What aspect of that needs to change?" "An obvious trade off in reducing the number of students in universities is that the number of students who are willing to do research probably decreases. So what is a method which offsets this tradeoff? The changes to offset this tradeoff involve changing the lower stages of the educational system i.e. elementary and high school such that there is two systems where one is a pipeline towards research centers and the other is a pipeline to jobs such as accountants, tradesman etc. This research system could be implemented via suggesting to the parents of the child that this person has a particular talent which could be utilised in specialist schools which train the kid into working on his/her special talent. Meanwhile the other system could be a certification system with the basic literacy test attached to it. This cerificiation system could include pipelines to 'high status' jobs such as consultancy and other jobs without entering university. Now some might say, there are jobs that do require a level of university education and the certification system could adjust to this with specific high status jobs that require university education being attached to specific ladders within the certification system. For example an IT technician who doesn't necessarily need university education who has a certificate could use his ceritfication to unlock the next door to higher status job that actually requires university education." "Whilst there are some other suggestions to look at in terms of changing the university system, it's important to remember the following things about is big changes, taking into consideration about university being perceived as 'high status' and changes to the lower stages of the educational system."

"Probably an understated reason of why people yearn for bitcoin as an application of blockchain technology is that it is an escape from the bureaucracy of the bank."

"The contrarian is the normie of the cyberspace."

"ETHNICITY AND GENDER" "In the current era of post-liberal era where liberal institutions are being undermined by the same people who once proposed liberalism, nationalists have been awakened particularly by a person who wanted people with H1B visas. This is similar to what happened in yugoslavia when the collapse of the soviet union happened, the communists inclined towards what the Arabs call: asabiyah." "Very few talk about the residue that was left by liberals as the westerner turns away from citing the intellect as part of their aim of liberation. Feminism. Despite the downfall of the supposed sjws in the 2010s and the collapse of tumblr, modern women still incline towards feminism as modern women do not only see feminism in philosophical terms, they see it as a word interchangeable with the word femininity itself i.e. they see it as ideology of female identarianism. In the eyes of these women, they prioritise sisterhood over the man when they hate and fear the man." "Feminists still persists in their nonsense to this day as the incel says, 'Women are bourgeoisie of the sexual market who have seized access to the mode of sexual reproduction.'" "The question arises of whether the human being resonates more with its gender identity or its ethnic identity. Especially when we see white nationalists trying to appeal to women (white nationalists tend to be males) and them using the language of feminists. To understand this question, let's remember the common slogans of nationalists. 'They are taking our jobs' is a cry of a man who fears of being rendered unemployed as his corporate boss prefers the cheap labour of a male foreigner. From the perspective of the white nationalist, immigration undermines his ability to provide for his family. This slogan doesn't appeal to women as much as men as women are not expected to financially provide for her family. Nowadays that slogan does somewhat resonate with women as they participate in the job market in competition with these male foreigners yet they do not have these intense feelings about the slogan as they don't see it as an attack on their gender identity." "There is another slogan that nationalists repeatedly use as they indulge in trying to appeal to women. 'The foreigners are raping the girls.' Such a phrase used by these nationalists already assumes that the foreigner is male which worries the radical feminist as they despise the male being and what the nationalist additionally mentions is the word 'raping' which the incels describes as the following: 'An act of rebellion against bourgeoisie female class which seizes the access to the mode of sexual reproduction from women.'" "Not only feminists but generally speaking women fear being raped by a man as they feel defiled and the raped modern woman gives a long passage of their expression of their feeling of being violated without mentioning the word, 'honour' which is a word that the radical feminists associate with the patriarchy. Whilst modern women struggle to understand 'honour' they still see rape as an attack of their femininity or a form of humiliation of specifically the woman. In other words, they see it as an attack on their gender identity and this intensifies the feeling of hostility towards the male foreigner." "As you can see that whilst asabiyah tendencies do occur amongst humans, one does need to remember that these asabiyah tendencies tend to conform to the feelings of perceived threats to a man's masculinity or a female's femininity."

"You might hate phones but do you hate electricity?"

"It is mentioned in the book 'On War' written by 'Carl Von Clausewitz' the following: 'Even the most civilized of peoples, in short, can be fired with passionate hatred for each other. Consequently, it would be an obvious fallacy to imagine war between civilized peoples as resulting merely from a rational act on the part of their governments and to conceive of war as gradually ridding itself of passion...'" https://blossom.primal.net/2d08f480201e4807e875d5eecdc6997eb43361dbb75b78016e9f3abcdea4898d.jpg.

"WOMEN AND BOOKS" "One of the consequences of the widespread literacy of the masses is that lay women were able to read. Such consequences cannot be ignored as further insights were obtained regarding the differences between how men and women read. But now it seems, are there any men reading fictional books today?" "Whilst the data does suggest men prefer reading non-fictional books or books about philosophy which does involve a philosopher saying something like, 'Such propagation of the nonsensical impossibilities uttered by the interlocutor whereby his lack of cognitive abilities is unable to concieve of a world without nation-states.' These type of men find a lot of unease in reading a fictional novel whilst women do not. This brings further to the question of why women are overwhelmingly reading books these days whilst men aren't so much." "It might be hard for young people to understand these days but books used to be read...for pleasure and not merely for revision or for some literature examination. People used to read for pleasure. Whilst people do tend to focus on the information aspect of books in terms of gathering new information via books, pleasurable aspect of reading books is not much discussed." "This discussion about the pleasurable aspect of reading books is very related to the current phenomena of majority of book readers today being women. Passages of books consists of words that flow like the ocean which connect sentence to sentence like a bridge across the river and such words are used to aid the reader in conceiving of situations in accordance with what the author has written where you are left interpreting the big pool in a hotel containing numerous people of different backgrounds...who have different interpretations. But such interpretations are kept within the pool not outside of it as the author does not want you to engage in eisegesis (which the post-modernists insist on doing) but rather he wants you to engage in exegesis of the book. These type of books don't only focus on flows and dull descriptions but also human emotions." "A visual picture of someone crying is not the same as novella describing a droplet of tear as 'Eyelids started clattering, clattering, clattering. Desperate. Desperate to prevent the dam from breaking apart but one tear. Only one tear had escaped from the eyelids which dripped down onto the eyelashes as it now dries away.' It becomes harder to understand why men are not very into contemporary fictional books when various philosophers including today are men and many thinkers of this era such as mathematicians, historians and economists are men as these novels do involve a lot of thinking about things." "It becomes harder to understand why men don't read contemporary literature a lot especially if you know what mathematicians do in terms of deductive reasoning which does. For example, trying to come up with the solution to the 'collatz conjecture' involves a lot of thinking. Don't be mistaken. The man does enjoy trying to solve this mathematical question especially since he has thought about it for a long time. The question is what is different about this type of pleasure in comparison to the pleasure of reading a fictional book. It could be argued that the types of pleasures that is being discussed are very different where trying to solve a mathematical question involves obtaining the pleasure of trying to solve a problem. It's not the slowness that the man finds pleasurable in solving a mathematical problem, it's the desire for the quick pleasure of solving problem. Sound familiar?" "To understand what really is the difference between how men feel about reading fictional books and women reading books, we look at an instinctual form of pleasure: Sexual pleasure. The man experiences sexual pleasure very differently in comparison to the woman. The man tries to frequently punch the wall repeatedly in his attempt of releasing the water behind the dam. It's not the frequent receptiveness of punching the wall that the man find pleasure in but the desire of wanting to release it. This needs to be understood in terms of understanding how women experience sexual pleasure as women enjoy the tension itself. This is what the woman enjoys. If it's too fast or too sudden, the woman doesn't enjoy it that much. But...if its slow like a snake which seeks to bite its prey...the pleasure that the woman experiences...is immense. Whilst the man rushes, sprints and peddle and peddles and peddles and breaks HIS SWEAATTT!!!!! Do you now see the difference?" "Lets ask the question, why are women are reading more books than men? To put it simply, modern women find reading books more pleasurable than modern men. A more complicated response is that the manner in which a lot of books are formatted especially novels are formatted whereby a lot of the pages consists of words and sentences which indicate the 'building up' of things which is something that the woman sexually enjoys. Whilst the modern man doesn't really enjoy to the extent that the woman does and he prefers the short form videos in a scrolling horizontal format under the 'for you' page as he continues to recieves the quick pleasure of watching these short videos."