The scale of Bitcoin private keys is hard to imagine. Here are a few ways to understand it. If your seed was hidden into an atom with an entropy of: 🔹 40 bits ≈ 1.1 × 10¹² possibilities Comparable to the number of atoms in a tiny speck of dust. A modern GPU could find your seed in minutes. 🔹 72 bits ≈ 4.7 × 10²¹ possibilities Comparable to the number of atoms in about 0.1 grams of water. A single powerful GPU would need around 75,000 years to search the entire space. 🔹 128 bits ≈ 3.4 × 10³⁸ possibilities Roughly comparable to the number of atoms in a large mountain or asteroid. Even a modern GPU would need around 10²¹ years to brute force it. 🔹 256 bits ≈ 10⁷⁷ possibilities Roughly comparable to 1/10,000 of all atoms in the observable universe. Why does it grow so fast? Because every extra bit doubles the search space, which doubles the search time and therefore doubles the security. Bitcoin's 256-bit keys are numbers comparable to the cosmos itself. They stay beyond any physical scale we can realistically attack.

Che cos’è la prasseologia? Abbiamo provato a spiegarlo con uno sketch teatrale: Robin finisce in terapia dal prasseologo dopo un’avventura fatta di banane, monete d’oro inutilizzabili, capitale, scambi e valore soggettivo. Lo sketch è stato presentato al @BitCare Forum 2026 per introdurre "Prasseologia – La mano invisibile che ti nutre" di @knutsvanholm, tradotto in italiano da Riccardo Biffi e MarJJhodl. Incuriositi? Per saperne di più sulla prasseologia, in italiano, questo è il libro fa per voi:

Amazon

Amazon

#prasseologia #bitcoin #austrianeconomics

When compilers started replacing assembly for everyday software development, assembly programmers had serious concerns: - Will this thing actually work? - Will it generate code fast enough? - Will it hide too much of the machine from us? Sounds familiar? 🤔 In the 1950s, machine time was expensive and programming was close to the hardware. Writing efficient code was a craft. A compiler looked like an abstraction layer that could easily waste precious resources. That is why early compiler teams, especially around FORTRAN, had to prove something hard: the generated code had to be good enough to compete with hand-written assembly. The real shift happened when abstraction stopped being seen as a luxury and started being seen as leverage. To be fair, assembly did not disappear, instead it became more specialized: operating systems, drivers, runtimes, embedded systems, critical routines. But the center of gravity moved. The value of the programmer changed from manually controlling every instruction to modeling larger problems, faster. This pattern keeps repeating in software: assembly → compiled languages manual memory management → managed runtimes servers → cloud platforms hand-written boilerplate → frameworks manual coding → AI-assisted development Every wave of abstraction creates the same fearful question: "Are we losing control?". But when the abstraction is reliable, efficient, and inspectable enough, then the question changes: "How much more can we build now?"

Only 10 days left until @BTC Prague ! If anyone is interested in a ticket for the 2-day conference (currently selling for €301), send me a private message to get it at a substantial discount! ✂️

Molto spesso l’economia viene presentata come un insieme di modelli, formule e concetti da accettare. Prasseologia, di Knut Svanholm, fa l’opposto: non ti dice cosa pensare, ma ti accompagna in un percorso logico attraverso alcune idee fondamentali dell’azione umana. Scelta. Valore. Tempo. Scambio. Cooperazione. E infine, civiltà. È un libro accessibile per chi si avvicina per la prima volta all’economia austriaca, ma anche stimolante per chi vuole andare oltre l’apprendimento meccanico e iniziare a comprendere davvero i principi che stanno dietro al comportamento umano e al progresso sociale. Disponibile ora su Amazon:

Amazon

Amazon

È arrivata in italiano Prasseologia, di @knutsvanholm ! Con MarJJhodl abbiamo deciso di tradurre questo libro dopo aver conosciuto Knut nel 2025. È stato un viaggio di circa sei mesi tra economia austriaca, Mises, azione umana, valore soggettivo, linguaggio e discussioni terminologiche. Diffondere uno dei concetti fondamentali dell’economia austriaca, introdotto da Ludwig von Mises in L’azione umana, ci è sembrato troppo importante per non provarci. Infatti, capire l'azione umana significa comprendere meglio noi stessi, gli altri, e come dovrebbe funzionare una società basata sul rispetto reciproco. Abbiamo scelto una traduzione libera ma fedele all'originale, con l’obiettivo di rendere i concetti chiari e accessibili per il lettore italiano. Speriamo che questo libro offra una nuova chiave di lettura sui rapporti umani, sul mercato e sulla civiltà! Disponibile da oggi su Amazon:

Amazon

Amazon

Grazie a @Giacomo Zucco per averci dato l'occasione di conoscere Knut e la prasseologia durante la @npub1awnu...nnl3 Summer School 2025 a Lugano! ❤️

La prasseologia spiega la logica dietro all'azione umana. Parte da un’idea semplice: ogni essere umano agisce per raggiungere un fine, usando i mezzi scarsi di cui dispone, nel tempo e nell’incertezza. In italiano, per avvicinarsi davvero a questa disciplina, il riferimento principale è L’Azione umana di Mises: un libro fondamentale, ma lungo, complesso e scritto in un linguaggio ormai distante. @knutsvanholm ha fatto una cosa diversa: ha reso la prasseologia più accessibile, più diretta, più leggibile. Finalmente, anche per gli italiani sta arrivando qualcosa...👀

Ecco la mia presentazione su come, paradossalmente, persino Fantozzi negli anni '70 godeva di una stabilità economica oggi impensabile per molti. In questo video mostro come una moneta manipolabile generi i problemi sociali che viviamo ogni giorno. Manipolare il denaro offre benefici immediati a pochi, ma scarica i costi sul futuro di tutti, creando un circolo vizioso difficile da spezzare. Nel video tratto: - Il paradosso di Fantozzi: un confronto tra gli standard di vita di ieri e di oggi. - La trappola del denaro corrotto: perché la manipolazione monetaria è la radice di molti problemi sociali ed è una tentazione irresistibile per chi governa. - Bitcoin come soluzione: com'è fatto un mondo dove nessuno può controllare o stampare moneta a piacimento. Liberamente ispirato dal video "What's The Problem?" di Joe Bryan.

Why build a fence 100 cm longer when you can simply shorten the definition of the centimeter itself? We humans use the centimeter as a unit of measurement to communicate length, just as we use money as a unit of measurement to communicate value. It’s no wonder that when you change the fundamental definition of a unit of measurement, everything else becomes distorted and problems arise!

I was thinking... 🤔💭 ...capitalism stops working when money can be printed. If liquidity can be created out of nothing, entrepreneurship no longer follows real value — it follows proximity to power and proximity to the money-printer. Incentives shift: instead of innovating, businesses seek easy credit, subsidies and bailouts. 🏥Take for instance Pfizer, Moderna and other major pharma firms racing to protect patents and delay generic competition. The U.S. Congress recently flagged an $8.8 billion “bailout” for BIG Pharma via exemptions in Medicare price-negotiation. 💻Or look at Meta Platforms, Google LLC and other BIG Tech platforms. Regulation is being demanded (e.g., the EU’s Digital Markets Act) to rein in their dominance — but such regulation also creates complex compliance burdens and can solidify existing players at the expense of competition. 🍖And consider Nestlé S.A., Coca‑Cola Company and major BIG food corporates: subsidies, guaranteed loans or trade protections shift incentives away from truly competitive markets into political rent-seeking. The “free market” loses its meaning when it’s distorted by the wrong incentives. And when the distortions become tangible (e.g., high drug prices, rising mental health issues, high obesity rates), the public demands government intervention — feeding a paradox: to fix the problems caused by intervention, we ask for even more of it. As a result, the state grows, the economy becomes more bureaucratic, and capitalism turns into an inefficient hybrid where no one has a real incentive to change the rules, making the world worse rather than more efficient. The outcome? A system that feeds on the problems it creates and makes things worse each time it tries to fix them. #Bitcoin #Jobtober #Capitalism #Finance #Innovation #BigPharma #BigTech #BigFood #Regulation

One of the many things we are learning on #Bitcoin during #LuganoSummerSchool25 is: ~~~ What does Bitcoin tries to fix??? ~~~ Quick explanation on the sets: - WROGDOING: bad actions, also honest mistakes (eg miscalculation) - EVIL: wrongdoing, but done intentionally (eg insult) - CRIME: evil actions, but they also violate a principle (eg theft) - MAFIA: crime, but organized (eg state) - FIAT: mafia's control over money. ➡️THIS⬅️ FIAT is what Bitcoin is attacking directly and trying to fix. It doesn't fix mafia, crime, evil or wrongdoing completely, but by replacing FIAT there will be good indirect side effects, for sure! 😊 Thank you @npub1awnu...nnl3 and @Giacomo Zucco !

A quick thought experiment to disprove the theory of objective value, by reductio ad absurdum. Let’s say we all agree that drinking water is worth €10 per cubic meter. Universally accepted, even objective — it’s a definition of value, just like the meter or the kilogram. And let’s also say that breathable oxygen is worth €10 per cubic meter. Now I put you in a room containing 100 cubic meters of drinking water and 100 cubic meters of breathable air. Outsiders see that the room’s value is €20,000, and you inside agree. Now I replace all the air with water and leave you in the room immersed in drinking water. Objective total value of the room: €20,000. Do you agree that the room hasn’t changed its value, not even for you? You have just a few minutes to think about it before you lose consciousness and kick the bucket 🙂 @knutsvanholm am I going well? 😁